WARM-UP VIDEO FOR ACADEMIC IELTS WORD LIST (SUBLIST 1)

Instructions. Preparing for IELTS? Studying academic vocabulary? This quiz will help you explore the words from the Academic Word List and their collocations

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Exercise. Complete each gap with suitable words and expressions you hear from the video.

Hey, Vsauce. Michael here. Not knowing what to do with your hands or offering a handshake when the other person offers a fist bump. 

Forgetting someone's name...Not having anything to say and forgetting your phone at home so you can't be distracted by it. Getting caught staring at a stranger. Striking up a conversation with someone you don't know in a bathroom. Someone oversharing, telling a group too much information. Overhearing a couple breaking up. 

Noticing food in someone's teeth but not telling them and, well, now it's been too long and bringing up would be weird. Smelling a fart in an elevator that wasn't yours but, well, now you can't even react to it or mention that you've noticed it or pretend to even know what a fart is. 

All of those things are awkward. We don't like awkwardness. It makes us uncomfortable, cringe. But what is awkwardness? 

Why is it good and who is the main character of the universe? To really understand awkwardness we need to (1) ………….. with the entire family of forces that guide social behaviour. Think of this sheet of cardboard as a list all possible behaviours. You can't move faster than light or be in two places at once. You can't wear pants made out of molten lead. Next, there are (2) ………….. - the laws of the state. They delineate what you agree not to do, lest the (3) ………….. punish you - murder, stealing, speeding. What's left is molded by the finder tool of social expectations. others perceive them as being more trustworthy, and their actions as more forgivable. And it's not just perception. Such (4) ………….. also tend to be more objectively prosocial when tested. Kinder, more generous. Even when a person is completely oblivious to a faux pas they've committed, awkwardness still arises. People around them can feel uncomfortable. It's called vicarious embarrassment and it's (5) ………….. empathy - the ability to feel what others feel or will feel, when researchers found that social missteps activate, among other regions, the secondary somatosensory cortex and dorsal posterior insula - (6) ………….. brain that are also connected to the sensation of physical pain. Our brains (7) ………….. the breaking of social standards and the breaking of bones through (8) ………….. neural pathways. Likewise the same sympathetic nervous system that mobilizes you to deal with physical threats, fighting and running, so breathing increases and digestion shuts down, causing nausea and butterflies in your stomach. Your body instinctively (9) ………….. into a protective fetal position and fighting that reaction to act natural makes you shake. Blood vessels in your extremities (10) ………….. to prioritize (11) ………….. organs leaving you with cold fingers and toes and nose. These symptoms don't fear and anxiety. A dose of it makes people better at recognizing the facial expressions for disgust and fright. It's also (12) ………….. the feelings that make us (13) ………….. or avoid certain social stimuli. And it (14) ………….. making positive and negative social interactions more salient in our memories; that is, stand out more, other people are seen as just one-dimensional background characters with simple unchanging (15) ………….. . The guy who took way too long ordering in front of you this morning, well, he's obviously just innately annoying person. That's his entire purpose. But when you take too long ordering, The realization of this has a name. A name given to it by The Dictionary of Obscure Sorrows, one of my favorite resources and now, YouTube channels. They wrap profound (16) ………….. up in tiny little word packages. To be sure, giving something a name doesn't show that you know it or how to feel about it but nonetheless words put handles on things, so we can manipulate them, hold them down, offer them to others, feel bigger than the (17) ………….. they label. Now, their word for acknowledging that you are just an extra in other people's stories, not even cast in most of them, is 'sonder'. This is their (18) ………….. of it. "Sonder - the realization that each random passerby is living a life as vivid

Key: Look at the key and say aloud the script from the video to improve your English.

Hey, Vsauce.

Michael here.

Not knowing what to do with your hands or offering a handshake when the other person offers a fist bump. Forgetting someone's name...Not having anything to say and forgetting your phone at home so you can't be distracted by it. Getting caught staring at a stranger.

Striking up a conversation with someone you don't know in a bathroom. Someone oversharing, telling a group too much information. Overhearing a couple breaking up.

Noticing food in someone's teeth but not telling them and, well, now it's been too long and bringing up would be weird.

Smelling a fart in an elevator that wasn't yours but, well, now you can't even react to it or mention that you've noticed it or pretend to even know what a fart is. All of those things are awkward. We don't like awkwardness. It makes us uncomfortable, cringe.

But what is awkwardness?

Why is it good and who is the main character of the universe? To really understand awkwardness we need to (1) (put it in context) with the entire family of forces that guide social behaviour. Think of this sheet of cardboard as a list all possible behaviours. You can't move faster than light or be in two places at once. You can't wear pants made out of molten lead. Next, there are (2) (legal limits) - the laws of the state. They delineate what you agree not to do, lest the (3) (authorities) punish you - murder, stealing, speeding. What's left is molded by the finder tool of social expectations. others perceive them as being more trustworthy, and their actions as more forgivable. And it's not just perception. Such (4) (individuals) also tend to be more objectively prosocial when tested. Kinder, more generous. Even when a person is completely oblivious to a faux pas they've committed, awkwardness still arises. People around them can feel uncomfortable. It's called vicarious embarrassment and it's (5) (a function of) empathy - the ability to feel what others feel or will feel, when researchers found that social missteps activate, among other regions, the secondary somatosensory cortex and dorsal posterior insula - (6) (areas of the) brain that are also connected to the sensation of physical pain. Our brains (7) (process) the breaking of social standards and the breaking of bones through (8) (similar) neural pathways. Likewise the same sympathetic nervous system that mobilizes you to deal with physical threats, fighting and running, so breathing increases and digestion shuts down, causing nausea and butterflies in your stomach. Your body instinctively (9) (contracts) into a protective fetal position and fighting that reaction to act natural makes you shake. Blood vessels in your extremities (10) (contract) to prioritize (11) (major) organs leaving you with cold fingers and toes and nose. These symptoms don't fear and anxiety. A dose of it makes people better at recognizing the facial expressions for disgust and fright. It's also (12) (involved in) the feelings that make us (13) (approach) or avoid certain social stimuli. And it (14) (may play a role in) making positive and negative social interactions more salient in our memories; that is, stand out more, other people are seen as just one-dimensional background characters with simple unchanging (15) (roles) . The guy who took way too long ordering in front of you this morning, well, he's obviously just innately annoying person. That's his entire purpose. But when you take too long ordering, The realization of this has a name. A name given to it by The Dictionary of Obscure Sorrows, one of my favorite resources and now, YouTube channels. They wrap profound (16) (concepts) up in tiny little word packages. To be sure, giving something a name doesn't show that you know it or how to feel about it but nonetheless words put handles on things, so we can manipulate them, hold them down, offer them to others, feel bigger than the (17) (concepts) they label. Now, their word for acknowledging that you are just an extra in other people's stories, not even cast in most of them, is 'sonder'. This is their (18) (definition) of it. "Sonder - the realization that each random passerby is living a life as vivid

Sources: 

Channel: Vsauce. The Science of Awkwardness: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o268qbb_0BM

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Compiled by Top Grade Edu